Supervivencia y fenología de rametos de un huerto semillero asexual de Pinus patula

Abstract

In asexual seed orchards, genetically improved seed is obtained to produce plants destined for forest plantation programs, which will help increase wood quality, productivity and reduce cutting cycles. The objective of this work was to evaluate the survival, height increase and vegetative and sexual phenology of juvenile ramets from an asexual seed orchard of Pinus patula due to the effect of the geographical origin of the ortets. In addition, it was sought to determine the existence of correlation between the characteristics evaluated with the bioclimatic variables of the origin of the ortets. Survival was evaluated with analysis of variance and Tukey's tests of means. Correlation coefficients were obtained with the Pearson test. Statistical differences were found due to the geographical origin of the ortets and the cloned tree. The highest survival was found in ramets with scions from ortets of Tlahuiltepa, Hidalgo and Ahuazotepec, Puebla, both with 94%. The best clones were: 19 and 20 (Ahuazotepec) and 75 (Agua Blanca, Hidalgo) with 100% survival. Correlation was found between female sexual phenology and nine bioclimatic variables. It is concluded that there is greater female flowering in ramets made with scions from ortets of elevation, temperature and rainfall lower than those of the site where the asexual seed orchard of Pinus patula evaluated in the present investigation was established.