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Published:
Mar 31, 2021
Keywords:
kenaf
reaction xylem
lignin characterization
wood chemistry

Abstract

Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf) is well known as a source for textile fibers and as an alternate source for cellulosic fibers for paper and pulp industry. Formation of reaction xylem alters the chemical properties of fibers, which may affect its uses. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on the occurrence of reaction xylem in kenaf. The present study examines reaction xylem (i.e. tension wood and its opposite side) formed in response to bending of stems in Kenaf by anatomical, histochemical and biochemical methods. The reaction xylem found on the upper side of leaning stems showed an eccentric growth pattern, thin walls, shorter and wider fibers without gelatinous layer, decrease of vessel or ray density as compared to wood formed on opposite sides. Histochemical localization of lignin using Weisner reaction and Maule’s test indicated presence of more syringyl units in the fiber wall of tension wood. Gravimetric quantification of cell wall polymers showed relatively more amount of holocellulose and hemicellulose in tension wood (69 and 46 %, respectively) compared to those of opposite wood (63 and 42 %, respectively). There was no significant difference noticed in the klason lignin content between opposite (17.4 %) and tension wood (16.7 %). Lignin characterization by the thioacidolysis method revealed that the tension wood lignin in kenaf was composed of more amount of syringyl and p-hydroxyphenyl monomers compared to that of opposite side wood. This analysis also suggests that the tension wood lignin is rich in β-aryl ether linkages in syringyl units resulting in high S/G ratio.

Pramod Sivan
Karumanchi S. Rao
Kishore S. Rajput
Author Biographies

Pramod Sivan, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umea, Sweden; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Vadodara, India.

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umea, Sweden.
The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Tilak Road, Vadodara 390002, India, phone: +91 265 2791891

Karumanchi S. Rao, Sardar Patel University, Department of Biosciences, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India.

Sardar Patel University, Department of Biosciences, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India.

Kishore S. Rajput, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Vadodara, India.

The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Tilak Road, Vadodara 390002, India, phone: +91 265 2791891

How to Cite
Sivan, P., Rao, K. S., & Rajput, K. S. (2021). Anatomy and cell wall chemistry of tension wood in Hibiscus cannabinus. Revista Bosque, 42(1), 99–110. Retrieved from https://revistabosque.org/index.php/bosque/article/view/233

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